Git Ignore en .gitignore
Git Ignoreer
Wanneer jy jou kode met ander deel, is daar dikwels lêers of dele van jou projek wat jy nie wil deel nie.
Voorbeelde
- log lêers
- tydelike lêers
- verborge lêers
- persoonlike lêers
- ens.
Git kan spesifiseer watter lêers of dele van jou projek deur Git geïgnoreer moet word deur 'n .gitignorelêer te gebruik.
Git sal nie lêers en vouers wat in gespesifiseer is, opspoor nie .gitignore. Die .gitignore
lêer self WORD egter deur Git opgespoor.
Skep .gitignore
Om 'n .gitignorelêer te skep, gaan na die wortel van jou plaaslike Git, en skep dit:
Voorbeeld
touch .gitignoreMaak nou die lêer oop met 'n teksredigeerder.
Ons gaan net twee eenvoudige reëls byvoeg:
- Ignoreer enige lêers met die
.loguitbreiding - Ignoreer alles in enige gids met die naam
temp
Voorbeeld
# ignore ALL .log files
*.log
# ignore ALL files in ANY directory named temp
temp/
Nou sal alle .loglêers en enigiets in
tempdopgehou deur Git geïgnoreer word.
Let wel: In hierdie geval gebruik ons 'n enkele .gitignorewat van toepassing is op die hele bewaarplek.
Dit is ook moontlik om addisionele .gitignorelêers in subgidse te hê. Dit is slegs van toepassing op lêers of vouers binne daardie gids.
Reëls vir .gitignore
Hier is die algemene reëls om patrone in .gitignore
lêers te pas:
| Pattern | Explanation/Matches | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Blank lines are ignored | ||
| # text comment | Lines starting with # are ignored | |
| name | All name files, name folders, and files and folders in any name folder | /name.log /name/file.txt /lib/name.log |
| name/ | Ending with / specifies the pattern is for a folder. Matches all files and folders in any name folder | /name/file.txt /name/log/name.log no match: /name.log |
| name.file | All files with the name.file | /name.file /lib/name.file |
| /name.file | Starting with / specifies the pattern matches only files in the root folder | /name.file no match: /lib/name.file |
| lib/name.file | Patterns specifiing files in specific folders are always realative to root (even if you do not start with / ) | /lib/name.file no match: name.file /test/lib/name.file |
| **/lib/name.file | Starting with ** before / specifies that it matches any folder in the repository. Not just on root. | /lib/name.file /test/lib/name.file |
| **/name | All name folders, and files and folders in any name folder | /name/log.file /lib/name/log.file /name/lib/log.file |
| /lib/**/name | All name folders, and files and folders in any name folder within the lib folder. | /lib/name/log.file /lib/test/name/log.file /lib/test/ver1/name/log.file no match: /name/log.file |
| *.file | All files withe .file extention | /name.file /lib/name.file |
| *name/ | All folders ending with name | /lastname/log.file /firstname/log.file |
| name?.file | ? matches a single non-specific character | /names.file /name1.file no match: /names1.file |
| name[a-z].file | [range] matches a single character in the specified range (in this case a character in the range of a-z, and also be numberic.) | /names.file /nameb.file no match: /name1.file |
| name[abc].file | [set] matches a single character in the specified set of characters (in this case either a, b, or c) | /namea.file /nameb.file no match: /names.file |
| name[!abc].file | [!set] matches a single character, except the ones spesified in the set of characters (in this case a, b, or c) | /names.file /namex.file no match: /namesb.file |
| *.file | All files withe .file extention | /name.file /lib/name.file |
| name/ !name/secret.log |
! specifies a negation or exception. Matches all files and folders in any name folder, except name/secret.log | /name/file.txt /name/log/name.log no match: /name/secret.log |
| *.file !name.file |
! specifies a negation or exception. All files withe .file extention, except name.file | /log.file /lastname.file no match: /name.file |
| *.file !name/*.file junk.* |
Adding new patterns after a negation will re-ignore a previous negated file All files withe .file extention, except the ones in name folder. Unless the file name is junk |
/log.file /name/log.file no match: /name/junk.file |
Plaaslike en persoonlike Git Ignoreer reëls
Dit is ook moontlik om lêers of vouers te ignoreer, maar dit nie in die verspreide .gitignorelêer te wys nie.
Hierdie soort ignorerings word in die
.git/info/excludelêer gespesifiseer. Dit werk op dieselfde manier as,
.gitignoremaar word aan niemand anders gewys nie.